sustainability · 4725 comments ·

Coral Reefs as a Marker of Environmental Change

Coral Reefs as a Marker of Environmental Change

Coral is highly sensitive to its external environment. Changes in ocean temperature, pollution and run-off,  and pH (ocean acidification) can cause them to 'bleach' (1). When bleached, they can survive if optimal conditions return. However, if the stress is sustained, they will eventually die. As such, coral reefs are deeply threatened by environmental change and therefore make a good marker for the health of ocean ecosystems.

 

What is coral bleaching?

Coral live in a symbiotic relationship with microscopic, photosynthetic, algae called zooxanthellae (2). Like plants, the zooxanthellae capture sunlight and convert it into energy, providing essential nutrients to the coral (3). In return, the coral provides a protected environment for the zooxanthellae to live. Aside from providing nutrients, the zooxanthellae are also responsible for the colouring of many stony corals.

Under conditions of stress caused by changes in ocean temperature, agricultural run-off, and ocean acidification, resulting from human activities releasing CO2 into the atmosphere, the coral polyps expel their zooxanthellae, causing them to take on a white appearance, what is known as "coral bleaching" (4). The coral will not die instantly when the zooxanthellae is expelled, but if the period of stress is sustained, the zooxanthellae will be unable to re-enter the coral tissue, the coral will not get the essential nutrients it needs to survive.

What is left is the corals calcium carbonate skeleton. Algae begins to grow over the coral skeletons, blocking any chance of regrowth. After time, the skeletons will erode, resulting in the collapse of the reef structure. This collapse is not just an eyesore, it has catastrophic impacts for the ocean ecosystem, fisheries and local communities that depend on the reef for an income.

 

Why is it Important That we Protect Coral Reefs?

Habitat - Coral skeletons are an important component of the reef architecture and provide a habitat for 25% of all marine species (5). They provide shelter, spawning grounds and protection from predators. In their absence, fish stocks will decline, this has a knock-on effect to local communities who are reliant on fish for their main source of protein.

Tourism and Recreation - For coastal communities that are reliant on tourism for their income, the health of coral reefs is paramount to their survival. Ecotourism provides thousands of jobs and millions of dollars in income. It has been estimated that coral reefs have a global economic value of $36 billion per year (6).

Coastline Protection  - Coral reefs absorb 97% of a waves energy (7), acting as a buffer against storm events, such as hurricanes and tsunamis, to 150,000 km of global tropical coastlines in over 100 countries (8).

Pharmaceuticals - Due to the stationary nature of coral, it has developed a plethora of chemical defences in order to gain protection from predators and to fight disease. Coral is therefore becoming increasingly recognised as an important source of new drugs to treat diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's and arthritis.

 

What Can we do to Help?

Although small changes at home will make a difference (e.g. buying organic food as to not contribute to the use of pesticides and herbicides), the real issue here is climate change which requires global cooperation and action to reduce emissions and slow global warming. The death of coral reefs is not just a great loss to the ocean but it will greatly impact millions of people, in over 100 countries, who rely on the reefs for their income and as a food source.

 

References:

  1. https://science.sciencemag.org/content/328/5985/1523
  2. https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/tutorial_corals/coral02_zooxanthellae.html#:~:text=Coral%20polyps%2C%20which%20are%20animals,water%20to%20carry%20out%20photosynthesis
  3. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs003380050249
  4. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1312064
  5. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/04/160404152918.htm
  6. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X17300635
  7. https://coast.noaa.gov/states/fast-facts/coral-reefs.html
  8. https://oceanwealth.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Atlas_of_Ocean_Wealth.pdf

4726 comments

Your comment was posted successfully! Thank you!

  • rwrjryjwrjy

    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-trap-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-borderlands-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-a-spasso-con-willy-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-epidemic-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-and-then-we-danced-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-spider-man-far-from-home-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-alien-romulus-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-europa-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-spider-man-no-way-home-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-cattivissimo-me-4-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-it-ends-with-us-siamo-noi-a-dire-basta-2024
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-maxxxine-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-30-anni-di-meno-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-l-innocenza-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-blink-twice-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-la-vita-accanto-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-giustizia-privata-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-pericolosamente-vicini-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-the-crow-il-corvo-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-deadpool-wolverine-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-era-mio-figlio-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-amici-per-caso-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-un-oggi-alla-volta-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-here-after-l-aldila-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-fly-me-to-the-moon-le-due-facce-della-luna-2024
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-immaculate-la-prescelta-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-horizon-an-american-saga-capitolo-1-2024
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-twisters-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-l-ultima-vendetta-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-blue-lock-il-film-episodio-nagi-2024-streaming-ita
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-la-memoria-dell-assassino-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-il-signore-degli-anelli-le-due-torri-2024
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-inside-out-2-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-le-avventure-di-jim-bottone-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-miller-s-girl-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-paradox-effect-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-il-magico-mondo-di-billie-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-the-well-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-c-e-ancora-domani-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-palazzina-laf-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-cattiverie-a-domicilio-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-un-mondo-a-parte-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-il-magico-mondo-di-harold-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-longlegs-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-the-firing-squad-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-bad-boys-ride-or-die-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-a-quiet-place-giorno-1-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-il-regno-del-pianeta-delle-scimmie-2024-streaming-it
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-paradise-is-burning-2024-streaming-ita-hd
    https://www.aicrowd.com/showcase/cb01-la-bicicletta-di-bartali-2024-streaming-ita-hd

    https://www.forum-musculation.com/sujet/20046-%E2%96%B7-cattivissimo-me-4-2024-streaming-ita-hd-altadefinizione/
    http://opensource.platon.org/forum/projects/viewtopic.php?p=12637211#12637211
    https://www.zephyraxis.com/wall/blogs/28661/Cattivissimo-me-4-2024-Streaming-ITA-HD-Altadefinizione
    https://forum.theknightonline.com/threads/cattivissimo-me-4-2024-streaming-ita-hd-altadefinizione.477766/
    https://forum.gamestategames.com/d/3039-cattivissimo-me-4-2024-streaming-ita-hd-altadefinizione
    https://forum.leaglesamiksha.com/thread/%e2%96%b7-cattivissimo-me-4-2024-streaming-ita-hd-altadefinizione/
    https://diendannhansu.com/threads/cattivissimo-me-4-2024-streaming-ita-hd-altadefinizione.505177/
    https://forum.freeflarum.com/d/104894-cattivissimo-me-4-2024-streaming-ita-hd-altadefinizione
    http://www.limesucks.com/thread/%e2%96%b7-cattivissimo-me-4-2024-streaming-ita-hd-altadefinizione/
    https://ekonty.com/topics/view/28357
    https://www.ofurea.com/forum/thread/2708/%E2%96%B7-cattivissimo-me-4-2024-streaming-ita-hd-altadefinizione/
    https://www.snibc.co.uk/fusion/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=9229
    https://kitemunity.com/forums/topic/7682/u25b7-cattivissimo-me-4-2024-streaming-ita-hd-altadefinizione/view/post_id/89969
    https://www.yeuthucung.com/threads/%E2%96%B7-cattivissimo-me-4-2024-streaming-ita-hd-altadefinizione.480436/
    https://herbalmeds-forum.biolife.com.my/d/113957-cattivissimo-me-4-2024-streaming-ita-hd-altadefinizione
    https://doc.clickup.com/9018117031/p/h/8crb2x7-3718/22ccff976155699
    https://surveyking.com/w/vv97ga5
    https://www.tadalive.com/blog/374958/%E2%96%B7-cattivissimo-me-4-2024-streaming-ita-hd-altadefinizione/

  • DFGDF

    https://groups.google.com/g/alt.windows-xp/c/1qmiFmr2S_E
    https://groups.google.com/g/alt.windows-xp/c/R6-d8hBpQ60
    https://groups.google.com/g/alt.windows-xp/c/rKkAnCbDlw4
    https://groups.google.com/g/alt.windows-xp/c/njlwDhlKf1Q
    https://groups.google.com/g/microsoft.public.project/c/xlkbmclOe8c
    https://groups.google.com/g/microsoft.public.project/c/dtYNMVlMi80
    https://groups.google.com/g/microsoft.public.project/c/pfAqHswoXQg
    https://groups.google.com/g/microsoft.public.project/c/RFKaQHpbYbI
    https://groups.google.com/g/alt.windows-xp/c/CjWTt8C_ajU
    https://groups.google.com/g/alt.windows-xp/c/MeHhKpq7PH4
    https://groups.google.com/g/alt.windows-xp/c/5Ape3Rlt2v0
    https://groups.google.com/g/alt.windows-xp/c/LOyI0ksbQNY
    https://groups.google.com/g/microsoft.public.project/c/NFL52FbUAJo
    https://groups.google.com/g/microsoft.public.project/c/2Z7RQkEe9kE
    https://groups.google.com/g/microsoft.public.project/c/oeISeDh85tY
    https://groups.google.com/g/microsoft.public.project/c/cKisclZnCfc
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.os.vms/c/zdRynYYUq8o
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.os.vms/c/zzuJLzaKEVo
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.os.vms/c/WqCC0qyLvVY
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.os.vms/c/wBexPfSIMLY
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.os.vms/c/Nhb8kCCCKL8
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.os.vms/c/6Spt4OHu3dw
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.os.vms/c/TldrsdJCgTk
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.os.vms/c/fEvscaDTWEI
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.protocols.time.ntp/c/medf7LH8PZw
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.protocols.time.ntp/c/KG6SZyhQwp4
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.protocols.time.ntp/c/IVckyx8fHmE
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.protocols.time.ntp/c/NTFXzyrjc2Q
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.os.vms/c/XWYAvoj6uM
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.os.vms/c/LNKK_63T8dE
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.os.vms/c/nta0t6q8NRE
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.os.vms/c/6KOujEDSlmc
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.protocols.time.ntp/c/mhEXSvBbWYI
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.protocols.time.ntp/c/2nimOeRIFoA
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.protocols.time.ntp/c/SqgphAnWe7o
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.protocols.time.ntp/c/IuUr8p4Bh-M
    https://groups.google.com/g/mozilla.dev.platform/c/Du38Ge1wBgk
    https://groups.google.com/g/mozilla.dev.platform/c/I0b3IulMQ34
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.protocols.time.ntp/c/GdgE8aAzaeY
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.protocols.time.ntp/c/7OFuf2x5B0I
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.protocols.time.ntp/c/SD-gszSIlZ8
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.protocols.time.ntp/c/NMn9pcny8Rw
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.protocols.time.ntp/c/ViFuL4HUIPc
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.protocols.time.ntp/c/v0VCqw-hUCk
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.mobile.android/c/IDV7kmDI9HU
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.mobile.android/c/eJ_VIgo87tE
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.mobile.android/c/HiIpUR-rb5Y
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.mobile.android/c/4D_B4ujjMFw
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.mobile.android/c/4D    B4ujjMFw

  • SDFSD

    https://groups.google.com/g/3——-2023—-1080p/c/hec67j8V8BE
    https://groups.google.com/g/3——2023—/c/Yh4veVjSby8
    https://groups.google.com/g/——-single-in-seoul—2023/c/5GgK16eTmkw
    https://groups.google.com/g/——-3—-2023—/c/E4MvK6OTN7Q
    https://groups.google.com/g/guarda-film-/c/SdFMxnLrcKQ
    https://groups.google.com/g/operation-rinascimento—-un-film-di-beyonc-2023-film-completi/c/Pnix6yaYORc
    https://groups.google.com/g/adagio-film-intero-streaming-ita-2023-in-alta-defini/c/LTBvqzRFbE4
    https://groups.google.com/g/cb01—adagio—-film-streaming-ita-gratis-senza-registrazione/c/zP0DAodknfc
    https://groups.google.com/g/napoleon-film-intero-streaming-ita-2023-in-alta-definizione-com/c/UsR71J1VPec
    https://groups.google.com/g/openload—napoleon-streaming-ita-in-alta-definizione-2023/c/y4bSuFsM3BU
    https://groups.google.com/g/guarda-film-silent-night—-il-silenzio-della-vendetta/c/RjJ7R_A17mA
    https://groups.google.com/g/silent-night—-il-silenzio-della-vendetta-2023-film-completi/c/IFVm0x9LHHo
    https://groups.google.com/g/cb01—godzilla-minus-one-streaming-ita-in-senza-limiti/c/wPRA0Bzhss
    https://groups.google.com/g/assistir—godzilla-/c/SSzbvxAWy24
    https://groups.google.com/g/godzilla-minus-one-film-streaming-filme-completo-/c/C    FobPR2jVc
    https://groups.google.com/g/cb01—silent-night—-il-silenzio-della-vendetta-streaming-ita/c/G57kTaPnaGI
    https://groups.google.com/g/silent-night—-il-silenzio-della-vendetta-film-streaming/c/EmPV9uFCVhc
    https://sites.google.com/view/renaissance-afilmbybeyoncfilmi/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/cb01renaissance-afilmbybeyonc-/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/3hdbdfullversion2023pmb30-m6/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/2023fullmoviefullversionhd/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/wonkafilminterostreamingita202/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/openloadwonkastreaming-itainal/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/siheb.com/3ourseason2023/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/siheb.com/3-2023-full-movie-full-version/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/suseb.com/guarda-film-napoleon-streaming/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/suseb.com/napoleon-afilmbybeyoncfilminte/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/openloadadagiostreaming-itaina/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/operationadagio2023filmcomplet/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/guarda-godzilla-minus-one-stre/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/openload-godzilla-minus-one-st/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/godzilla-minus-one-film-intero/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/silentnight-ilsilenziodellaven/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/assistirsilentnight2023filmeco/halaman-muka

  • FDSFD

    https://sites.google.com/view/nomorebet2023/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/no-more-bet/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/hd1080p2023-4k/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/the-great-war-2023/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/the-great-war-hd/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/siheb.com/2023/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/siheb.com/hd2023/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/so-long-four-love/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/so-long-four-love-hd/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/siheb.com/hd1080p2023-4k/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/siheb.com/2023-4k-hd-1080p/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/siheb.com/2023hd1080p4k/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/siheb.com/slyth-the-hunt-saga-2023-hd108/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/siheb.com/viaggio-a-tokyo-film-intero-st/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/siheb.com/viaggioatokyofilmstreamingfilm/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/siheb.com/diabolik-chi-sei-film-streamin/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/siheb.com/openloaddiabolik-chiseistreami/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/godzillaminusonefilminterostre/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/guardagodzillaminusonestreamin/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/palazzina-laf-film-streaming-f/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/openload-palazzina-laf-streami/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/guardaigooniesstreaming-itaina/halaman-muka
    https://sites.google.com/view/openloadigooniesstreaming-itai/halaman-muka
    https://groups.google.com/g/comp.text.tex/c/Bfw-Q0G4mts
    https://groups.google.com/g/2023hd-new/c/kL8xF7Fm8hM
    https://groups.google.com/g/hd-2023-hd/c/T2LLMrJusEU
    https://groups.google.com/g/2023-4k-hd720p/c/Stjvc7tpOC8
    https://groups.google.com/g/-no-more-bets—2023—hd/c/rylNueECEhg
    https://groups.google.com/g/whos-the-suspect2023/c/qEPa5Hv4QNo
    https://groups.google.com/g/film-new-1080p/c/yOB0cm2ZIcM
    https://groups.google.com/g/-2023-hd1080—/c/UoocI3V6-Ng
    https://groups.google.com/g/death-stranding-hd/c/CeXuK5C3bbg
    https://groups.google.com/g/the-great-war-hd/c/QYq2ZRN0RdQ
    https://groups.google.com/g/2023hd-film/c/5lCXg9Zis9w
    https://groups.google.com/g/——hd——thai-sub/c/WQb3vYbJuk
    https://groups.google.com/g/—-2023—hd1080p-4k/c/NNa1cF3AT5g
    https://groups.google.com/g/assistir—viaggio-a-tokyo-2023-filme/c/yMws6UsBLPo
    https://groups.google.com/g/cb01—viaggio-a-tokyo-streaming-ita-in-senza-limiti/c/DzxUTIiBu8Y
    https://groups.google.com/g/diabolik—-chi-sei-film-intero-streaming/c/OQuH0LNKaFU
    https://groups.google.com/g/guarda—diabolik—-chi-sei-streaming-ita-in-altadefinizione/c/IwbEwK_hzjI
    https://groups.google.com/g/palazzina-laf-film-streaming-filme-completo-dublado-e-legendado/c/dmC9vugy2Ho
    https://groups.google.com/g/openload—palazzina-laf-streaming-ita-in-alta-definizione-2023/c/D7KC2DsaJiQ
    https://groups.google.com/g/assistir—godzilla-minus-one-2023-filme-completo/c/Onl_PWB-aoo
    https://groups.google.com/g/-godzilla-minus-one-streaming-ita-in-senza-limiti/c/EiVpIXKiH5Q
    https://groups.google.com/g/assistir—i-goonies-2023-filme-completo-dublado-e-legendado/c/LaC0iXnUS0E
    https://groups.google.com/g/i-goonies-film-/c/LLJHNcTkAt0
    https://pastelink.net/r2yia2s0
    https://onlinegdb.com/tvt-0q6SN
    https://paste.mozilla.org/f28vWvXs
    https://paste.feed-the-beast.com/view/80270428
    https://etextpad.com/2qhlgqhoqn
    https://notes.io/weUYU
    https://jsitor.com/fG49IWwKHv
    https://yamcode.com/casdsad-45
    http://ben-kiki.org/ypaste/data/85781/index.html
    https://ideone.com/SXHywp
    https://justpaste.it/abb4r
    https://rentry.co/buo4u
    http://pastebin.falz.net/2507771
    https://paiza.io/projects/NVelBagp1yzN_JlXBK0ruA?language=php
    https://paste.toolforge.org/view/d98a240b
    https://snippet.host/wcotsx
    https://jsfiddle.net/dgv1xsz7/
    https://telegra.ph/FSADAE-12-03
    https://www.pastery.net/qakcgq/
    https://bitbin.it/EiXE5Rtk/
    https://jsbin.com/zalahilidi/edit?html,output
    https://pastebin.com/35FQTJdi
    https://www.bankier.pl/forum/wiadomosc-zapisana?post_id=63794595&obs=&emal=&st=1&thread_id=
    https://issuu.com/sasadcdas
    https://www.bitsdujour.com/profiles/ZlsZyw
    http://foxsheets.statfoxsports.com/UserProfile/tabid/57/userId/162473/Default.aspx
    https://ctxt.io/2/AADQglS2EA
    https://paste.laravel.io/41c3a345-9dee-4c4d-a794-20dde0d009c7
    https://p.ip.fi/Uh    B
    https://tempel.in/view/eWZ0ezQ
    https://pastebin.freeswitch.org/view/24314ce0

  • chepy

    https://www.deviantart.com/cheps34/art/Napoleon-2023-Ceo-Film-Online-Sa-Prevodom-999128768
    https://www.deviantart.com/cheps34/art/Gledaj-Napoleon-ceo-film-online-sa-prevodom-999127771
    https://www.deviantart.com/cheps34/art/Napoleon-2023-Ceo-film-sa-Prevodom-HD-999129084
    https://www.deviantart.com/nungs2/art/Gledaj-Priscilla-2023-ceo-film-online-sa-prevodom-999130643
    https://www.deviantart.com/nungs2/art/Priscilla-2023-Ceo-film-sa-Prevodom-HD-999132445
    https://www.deviantart.com/nungs2/art/Gledaj-Priscilla-Ceo-Film-Online-Sa-Prevodom-999132786
    https://www.deviantart.com/baps34/art/3211-Ceo-Film-Online-Sa-Prevodom-HD-999144849
    https://www.deviantart.com/baps34/art/Gledaj-3211-ceo-film-online-sa-prevodom-999144597
    https://www.deviantart.com/baps34/art/Gledaj-3211-Ceo-Film-Online-Sa-Prevodom-Srpski-999144365

  • fdgdf

    https://groups.google.com/g/-wonka—-wonka——2023—-/c/cSz7R8hFg2k
    https://groups.google.com/g/-wonka-20234k—wonka—hd-1080p/c/4fIRAJI1Vw0
    https://groups.google.com/g/-wonka-wonka-hd-1080p/c/AUeMGdw4-Fg
    https://groups.google.com/g/-wonka—2023-hd180p-/c/G4j3K-Xs830
    https://groups.google.com/g/-wonka-2023—-hd-7204k/c/TBuTEwT7lsg
    https://groups.google.com/g/shinchan-movie/c/CkVHGqotT4s
    https://groups.google.com/g/new-dimension-crayon-shinchan-the-movie/c/5-Q5egjAykc
    https://groups.google.com/g/new-film2023hd/c/4yPrbtoAy6s
    https://groups.google.com/g/-the-movie/c/IkLLa810hbg
    https://groups.google.com/g/-the-movie2023/c/hG0r7AJaZFg
    https://groups.google.com/g/1955—-1955——2023—-/c/8J7FuZz4_oM
    https://groups.google.com/g/httpsgroupsgooglecomg1955—-1955——2023—-c8j7fuzz4_om/c/zaukpjotacc
    https://groups.google.com/g/1955-1955-hd-1080p/c/jSZauGnOKjQ
    https://groups.google.com/g/1955—2023-hd180p-/c/PYr7GkJoorI
    https://groups.google.com/g/1955-2023—-hd-7204k/c/3VNl-oae6CY
    https://groups.google.com/g/—————2023—-/c/36sUu6CkNNQ
    https://groups.google.com/g/—-20234k——-hd-1080p/c/O5JHoFrCbc0
    https://groups.google.com/g/——-hd-1080p/c/eIqFfUbhucE
    https://groups.google.com/g/—-2023—-hd-7204k/c/lPke2k36SPc
    https://groups.google.com/g/—2023—hd2023-4k/c/lsFW6JmVW2M
    https://www.bankier.pl/forum/wiadomosc-zapisana?post_id=63728869&obs=&emal=&st=1&thread_id=
    https://ctxt.io/2/AADQImBxFw
    https://jsfiddle.net/Lz627a9h/
    https://paste.laravel.io/17f561ce-8bfc-4aca-a46f-46301b23b298
    https://p.ip.fi/CflC
    https://open.firstory.me/user/clnddoogi02u001xna9hz0oan/comments
    https://tempel.in/view/iMCX
    https://pastebin.freeswitch.org/view/194c6a3c
    https://paste.gg/p/anonymous/fd8548d2aece45a7b5880f9254d1e928
    https://paste.drhack.net/?a1460feb0196358a#C9e1GTaBboBvkUmhonBt1A3sBvpu16eFuKEnf571wJxi
    https://pastelink.net/19dsy2q0
    https://onlinegdb.com/VHqc_-mt4
    https://paste.mozilla.org/bvOppyDY
    https://paste.feed-the-beast.com/view/6be13728
    https://notes.io/we6D5
    https://jsitor.com/EFUeuM7tV_
    https://yamcode.com/asasdas-17
    http://ben-kiki.org/ypaste/data/85169/index.html
    https://ideone.com/jHF666
    https://justpaste.it/dei8z
    https://rentry.co/6ngro
    https://paiza.io/projects/2TFciNeIooqJvlMHivhWUQ?language=php
    https://paste.toolforge.org/view/88d0dbc2
    https://snippet.host/evjghe
    https://telegra.ph/dsdfsd-11-29
    https://www.pastery.net/qakrzh/
    https://jsbin.com/zirolegonu/edit?html,output
    https://pastebin.com/J1LnrHpj
    https://issuu.com/dadsfas
    https://www.bitsdujour.com/profiles/x6KSyc
    http://foxsheets.statfoxsports.com/UserProfile/tabid/57/userId/161887/Default.aspx
    http://healingxchange.ning.com/photo/albums/zcxczdc
    https://open.firstory.me/user/clolp2y3t005r01rthi3a98hn/comments
    https://asdfs.onesmablog.com/sfsd-63408642
    https://adasdca.acidblog.net/54480234/dfsdfs
    https://casads.full-design.com/csddsc-66257274
    https://assadas.tinyblogging.com/sdfsfds-66887765
    https://ddewfe.ampblogs.com/dsfsd-60032336
    https://casdsfsd.ampedpages.com/sdsfsd-50998622
    https://ceewce.thezenweb.com/sdfsfd-60888713
    https://dscsdvsd.pages10.com/dsfsfd-59149882
    https://cacacsd.pointblog.net/dfgdfgd-64244962
    https://csdcd.bloguetechno.com/dsgfdd-58900615

Leave a comment

BLOG