sustainability · 4736 comments ·

Coral Reefs as a Marker of Environmental Change

Coral Reefs as a Marker of Environmental Change

Coral is highly sensitive to its external environment. Changes in ocean temperature, pollution and run-off,  and pH (ocean acidification) can cause them to 'bleach' (1). When bleached, they can survive if optimal conditions return. However, if the stress is sustained, they will eventually die. As such, coral reefs are deeply threatened by environmental change and therefore make a good marker for the health of ocean ecosystems.

 

What is coral bleaching?

Coral live in a symbiotic relationship with microscopic, photosynthetic, algae called zooxanthellae (2). Like plants, the zooxanthellae capture sunlight and convert it into energy, providing essential nutrients to the coral (3). In return, the coral provides a protected environment for the zooxanthellae to live. Aside from providing nutrients, the zooxanthellae are also responsible for the colouring of many stony corals.

Under conditions of stress caused by changes in ocean temperature, agricultural run-off, and ocean acidification, resulting from human activities releasing CO2 into the atmosphere, the coral polyps expel their zooxanthellae, causing them to take on a white appearance, what is known as "coral bleaching" (4). The coral will not die instantly when the zooxanthellae is expelled, but if the period of stress is sustained, the zooxanthellae will be unable to re-enter the coral tissue, the coral will not get the essential nutrients it needs to survive.

What is left is the corals calcium carbonate skeleton. Algae begins to grow over the coral skeletons, blocking any chance of regrowth. After time, the skeletons will erode, resulting in the collapse of the reef structure. This collapse is not just an eyesore, it has catastrophic impacts for the ocean ecosystem, fisheries and local communities that depend on the reef for an income.

 

Why is it Important That we Protect Coral Reefs?

Habitat - Coral skeletons are an important component of the reef architecture and provide a habitat for 25% of all marine species (5). They provide shelter, spawning grounds and protection from predators. In their absence, fish stocks will decline, this has a knock-on effect to local communities who are reliant on fish for their main source of protein.

Tourism and Recreation - For coastal communities that are reliant on tourism for their income, the health of coral reefs is paramount to their survival. Ecotourism provides thousands of jobs and millions of dollars in income. It has been estimated that coral reefs have a global economic value of $36 billion per year (6).

Coastline Protection  - Coral reefs absorb 97% of a waves energy (7), acting as a buffer against storm events, such as hurricanes and tsunamis, to 150,000 km of global tropical coastlines in over 100 countries (8).

Pharmaceuticals - Due to the stationary nature of coral, it has developed a plethora of chemical defences in order to gain protection from predators and to fight disease. Coral is therefore becoming increasingly recognised as an important source of new drugs to treat diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's and arthritis.

 

What Can we do to Help?

Although small changes at home will make a difference (e.g. buying organic food as to not contribute to the use of pesticides and herbicides), the real issue here is climate change which requires global cooperation and action to reduce emissions and slow global warming. The death of coral reefs is not just a great loss to the ocean but it will greatly impact millions of people, in over 100 countries, who rely on the reefs for their income and as a food source.

 

References:

  1. https://science.sciencemag.org/content/328/5985/1523
  2. https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/tutorial_corals/coral02_zooxanthellae.html#:~:text=Coral%20polyps%2C%20which%20are%20animals,water%20to%20carry%20out%20photosynthesis
  3. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs003380050249
  4. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1312064
  5. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/04/160404152918.htm
  6. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X17300635
  7. https://coast.noaa.gov/states/fast-facts/coral-reefs.html
  8. https://oceanwealth.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Atlas_of_Ocean_Wealth.pdf

4737 comments

Your comment was posted successfully! Thank you!

  • tuektekteuk

    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/El-Profesor-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais/s8sz-nm3z/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Les-Fant-mes-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ai/tyvc-s7vc/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Pourquoi-tu-souris-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-F/ar7f-ym9w/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Horizon-Une-saga-Am-ricaine-Chapitre-1-2024-FILMS-/3jgs-2i6j/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Moi-moche-et-m-chant-4-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-/2kkb-nhpi/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Longlegs-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais/pwsj-r4cc/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/To-the-Moon-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais/4gy4-6wvm/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/La-R-cr-ation-de-Juillet-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-V/s5ae-ahgx/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/L-Arbre-Contes-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-/qjkj-822k/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Twisters-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais/wjz4-hfr7/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Presque-l-gal-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-a/3wpg-ukq2/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/D-ner-l-anglaise-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fra/9ify-mdas/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Le-Larbin-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais/e3gt-qqeg/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Karmapolice-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais/n8wa-t75z/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Eat-the-Night-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-a/4s22-v42b/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Santosh-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais/yvbj-eqpv/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Dos-Madres-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais/4672-yfv5/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Les-Tricheurs-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-a/n692-xq6x/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Mad-Fate-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais/6m3k-g6rc/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Les-Tziganes-montent-au-ciel-2024-FILMS-en-Streami/ytzk-67vy/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Deadpool-Wolverine-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-F/yjxx-eety/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Mon-parfait-inconnu-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-/w4e8-ky5r/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Belle-enfant-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ai/jgu4-gwxu/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Gondola-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais/e4h7-7hys/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Goodbye-Monster-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran/ntcp-j4b2/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Les-Immortels-L-Au-Del-chez-les-Pharaons-2024-FILM/cj7m-v2gs/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Largo-Winch-Le-prix-de-l-argent-2024-FILMS-en-Stre/ptup-d6qm/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/MaXXXine-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais/bdr3-xp63/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Garfield-H-ros-malgr-lui-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-V/66et-hibj/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Intouchables-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ai/jyzx-a9bw/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/We-Are-Zombies-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-/h7kt-27j8/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Comme-le-feu-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ai/hc6j-ev2d/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Full-River-Red-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-/cujx-vygq/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Highway-65-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais/avhz-7gw4/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/L-Innocent-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais/cpmv-ek6w/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Bad-Boys-Ride-or-Die-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en/upu2-i9ye/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/HAIKY-La-Guerre-des-Poubelles-2024-FILMS-en-Stream/ctka-8g4x/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Love-Lies-Bleeding-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-F/azdf-5×4z/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/Vice-versa-2-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ai/k5vx-sc3w/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Government/The-Bikeriders-2024-FILMS-en-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-/j3g2-5xdx/about_data
    https://data.vermont.gov/Business/VOSTFR-Le-Comte-de-Monte-Cristo-2024-FILMS-en-Stre/uxat-j45j/about_data

    https://doc.clickup.com/9018117031/p/h/8crb2x7-3198/fb9301dad87e7f3
    https://herbalmeds-forum.biolife.com.my/d/104387-moi-moche-et-mechant-4-2024-voir-streaming-vf-vostfr-gratuit
    https://www.yeuthucung.com/threads/moi-moche-et-m%C3%A9chant-4-2024-voir-streaming-vf-vostfr-gratuit.472766/
    https://kitemunity.com/forums/topic/7077/moi-moche-et-mechant-4-2024-voir-streaming-vf-vostfr-gratuit/view/post_id/87758
    https://www.snibc.co.uk/fusion/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=8438
    https://www.ofurea.com/forum/thread/2464/moi-moche-et-m%C3%A9chant-4-2024-voir-streaming-vf-vostfr-gratuit/
    https://ekonty.com/topics/view/26919
    http://www.limesucks.com/thread/tekteuktukteuktuk/
    https://forum.freeflarum.com/d/92425-moi-moche-et-mechant-4-2024-voir-streaming-vf-vostfr-gratuit
    https://diendannhansu.com/threads/moi-moche-et-mechant-4-2024-voir-streaming-vf-vostfr-gratuit.482209/
    https://forum.gamestategames.com/d/2474-moi-moche-et-mechant-4-2024-voir-streaming-vf-vostfr-gratuit
    https://forum.theknightonline.com/threads/moi-moche-et-mechant-4-2024-voir-streaming-vf-vostfr-gratuit.474475/
    https://www.forum-musculation.com/sujet/10536-moi-moche-et-m%C3%A9chant-4-2024-voir-streaming-vf-vostfr-gratuit/
    https://www.zephyraxis.com/wall/blogs/9268/tetuteuktuektuketeuut

  • gbgfbhnhnhnh

    https://bento.me/123movieswatch-transformers-one-2024-full-movie-online-free-on-englis
    https://bento.me/ver-overlord-the-sacred-kingdom-2024-online-en-espanol-gratis
    https://bento.me/-ver-look-back-2024-online-en-espanol-gratis
    https://bento.me/ver-venom-3-the-last-dance-2024-online-en-espanol-gratis
    https://bento.me/ver-robot-salvaje-2024-online-en-espanol-gratis
    https://bento.me/ver-beetlejuice-2-2024-online-en-espanol-gratis
    https://bento.me/ver-joker-2-folie-a-deux-2024-online-en-espanol-gratis
    https://bento.me/ver-terrifier-3-2024-online-en-espanol-gratis
    https://bento.me/ver-deadpool-3-wolverine-2024-online-en-espanol-gratis
    https://bento.me/ver-megalopolis-2024-online-en-espanol-gratis
    https://network.propertyweek.com/
    https://community.thoracic.org/
    https://communicators.ncsu.edu/
    https://sloan.ucr.edu/
    http://www.theartist.co.kr/tv/view.html?idxno=1
    https://paste.feed-the-beast.com/view/1e4e19fb
    https://paste.myst.rs/ncfjcx43
    https://paiza.io/projects/MXy40JAiN4qu87Xnwvd2Xg
    https://yamcode.com/untitled-106193
    https://glot.io/snippets/h0ozxii1sw
    https://snippet.host/zdnsav
    https://www.peugeotcentral.co.uk/forum-posting.html
    https://vietnamtrade-forum.com/forums/tieu-dung.34/post-thread
    https://smmwebforum.com/threads/ggg.25471/
    https://dangtinvantai.com/threads/hnhnhnhn.51161/
    https://chobaolam.vn/threads/t54t5t5.555077/
    http://www.fellnasen-service.de/index.php?thread/266748-54g45/
    https://etextpad.com/pck4er2ave
    https://www.onlinegdb.com/
    https://www.nehannn.com/artist-detail/715.html?sasla
    https://jsfiddle.net/pnzcbd1w/
    https://pastebin.com/RFEPLNDA
    https://tech.io/snippet/MPmEw1U
    https://rextester.com/CBTNP28166
    https://pastecode.io/s/f8fb9egv
    https://medicine.ju.edu.jo/Lists/ConfReg/AllItems.aspx?
    https://justpaste.it/8odo3
    https://bitbin.it/tnPvRzQg/
    https://www.wowace.com/paste/26d4c91d
    https://www.selbstbesaiter.com/g%C3%A4stebuch/
    https://issuu.com/amirah123/stacks
    https://bitbin.it/tnPvRzQg/raw/
    https://www.taptap.io/post/8307237
    https://paste.ee/p/bqY1q
    https://penzu.com/journals/31329148/102130393
    https://paste.toolforge.org/view/c8465a5f
    https://telegra.ph/htrhrh-10-09
    https://paste.thezomg.com/229741/78640172/
    http://www.codyjhughes.com/guestbook/
    htpps://jsitor.com/9UH2ABOJab
    https://herbalmeds-forum.biolife.com.my/d/186552-jyujuy
    https://forum.instube.com/d/153041-uku
    https://rentry.co/9y5636f2
    https://www.pastery.net/gydght/
    https://forum.thecodingcolosseum.com/topic/13481/grghr
    https://web3devcommunity.com/topic/21807/grg
    http://paste.jp/e77de6f3/
    https://gitlab.pavlovia.org/-/snippets/33178
    https://www.tadalive.com/forum/thread/56726/dwwd/
    https://jpn.itlibra.com/article?id=23247
    https://www.radiowarta.pl/artykul/16151,mieszkania-z-drugiej-reki-zalety-rynku-wtornego
    https://www.bankier.pl/forum/wiadomosc-zapisana?post_id=68531259&obs=&emal=&st=1&thread_id=
    https://www.madelokal.com/blogs/news/plus-size-american-made?comment=142004748351#comments
    https://www.tadalive.com/forum/thread/52149/bojo-loro/
    https://www.lomarfarms.com/blogs/news/people?comment=136608973105#comments
    https://www.bihann.com/cast/443.html
    https://bitbucket.org/santuy213/workspace/snippets/o787rK
    http://myhappiness.dinstudio.se/guest_11.html
    https://www.lacartuccia.ch/g%C3%A4stebuch/
    https://forum.woimortal.com/forum/community/discussions/77408-njyunyujmu
    https://vietnamtrade-forum.com/threads/5g4g4.20297/
    https://fernandosaavedra.jimdofree.com/libro-de-visitas/
    https://weimaraner-aus-der-silbermeute.jimdofree.com/g%C3%A4stebuch/
    http://www.hartmanice.cz/en/vlozit-komentar/
    https://www.faschingsklub-kuehlungsborn.de/g%C3%A4stebuch/
    https://www.adrianhemley.com/guestbook/
    http://www.spoonrideskennel.com/guest_15.html#
    https://wokwi.com/projects/411271391819342849
    https://wokwi.com/projects/411271391819342849
    https://matters.town/a/llspm5lnaajm
    https://pastelink.net/0acni19m

  • waew

    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/entity/annotation/f8a34c74-3c86-ef11-ac21-000d3ad25c5c/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/entity/annotation/43d47d76-3c86-ef11-ac20-00224893b8b5/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/entity/annotation/22b49372-3c86-ef11-ac20-000d3acbf9ec/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/entity/annotation/01a44c74-3c86-ef11-ac21-000d3ad25c5c/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/entity/annotation/64490e77-3c86-ef11-ac20-000d3ad033ab/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/entity/annotation/1c169773-3c86-ef11-ac21-002248936383/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/entity/annotation/7224eb79-3c86-ef11-ac21-000d3ad13ed6/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/entity/annotation/2264cd79-3c86-ef11-ac21-002248936383/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/entity/annotation/8465f679-3c86-ef11-ac20-000d3acbf9ec/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/entity/annotation/f1c43a77-3c86-ef11-ac20-000d3a6aecad/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/entity/annotation/172a427d-3c86-ef11-ac20-000d3ad033ab/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/entity/annotation/3b19067b-3c86-ef11-ac21-000d3ad25c5c/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/entity/annotation/c824eb79-3c86-ef11-ac21-000d3ad13ed6/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/entity/annotation/e4846b7c-3c86-ef11-ac21-000d3acbe3e2/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/entity/annotation/21805c80-3c86-ef11-ac20-000d3acbf9ec/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/_entity/annotation/eccc5d81-3c86-ef11-ac21-000d3ad25c5c/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/    entity/annotation/144ded7c-3c86-ef11-ac20-00224893b8b5/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/    entity/annotation/f1846b7c-3c86-ef11-ac21-000d3acbe3e2/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/    entity/annotation/6a02d47f-3c86-ef11-ac21-002248936383/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/    entity/annotation/948df67f-3c86-ef11-ac21-000d3ad13ed6/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/    entity/annotation/5f837482-3c86-ef11-ac21-000d3acbe3e2/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/    entity/annotation/1dec5383-3c86-ef11-ac20-000d3a6aecad/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/    entity/annotation/6a2d4384-3c86-ef11-ac20-000d3ad033ab/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/    entity/annotation/64837482-3c86-ef11-ac21-000d3acbe3e2/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/    entity/annotation/892d4384-3c86-ef11-ac20-000d3ad033ab/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/    entity/annotation/8f2d4384-3c86-ef11-ac20-000d3ad033ab/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/    entity/annotation/81837482-3c86-ef11-ac21-000d3acbe3e2/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/    entity/annotation/3218d185-3c86-ef11-ac21-002248936383/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/    entity/annotation/87dd6f88-3c86-ef11-ac20-000d3acbf9ec/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://portal.mtaq.com.au/    entity/annotation/bebb2789-3c86-ef11-ac20-00224893b8b5/7b138792-1090-45b6-9241-8f8d96d8c372
    https://californiafilm.net/profiles/news/how-to-train-your-cats
    https://network.propertyweek.com/members/status/show?id=28940084%3AStatus%3A209432
    https://zagspace.gonzaga.edu/members/status/show?id=28936624%3AStatus%3A172700
    https://www.ssplace.miami.edu/members/status/show?id=28936424%3AStatus%3A344192
    https://sloan.ucr.edu/members/status/show?id=28936984%3AStatus%3A230714
    https://communicators.ncsu.edu/members/status/show?id=28933104%3AStatus%3A313432
    https://community.thoracic.org/members/status/show?id=28940104%3AStatus%3A382912
    https://educat.xtec.cat/members/status/show?id=28940124%3AStatus%3A93708
    https://www.lifesshortlivefree.com/community/vetted-member-instructions/how-to-find-your-old-friend-using-social-media/
    https://herbalmeds-forum.biolife.com.my/d/186580-dhgiuyawikashjkhwewa
    https://web3devcommunity.com/topic/21812/rfseuyosofiuoses
    https://foro.ribbon.es/topic/24734/fdyoiiuoiauwiopa
    https://forum.thecodingcolosseum.com/topic/13482/fdsryoisioiuowa
    https://paste.ee/p/ZKmOZ
    https://etextpad.com/sdfvm30y2y
    https://yamcode.com/untitled-106194
    https://paste2.org/O0KZdkb0
    https://pastelink.net/0s42az2y
    https://glot.io/snippets/h0p0qrvabu
    https://pastebin.com/jcUZBLaW
    https://paste.feed-the-beast.com/view/b59ac414
    https://jsfiddle.net/bq5h7nsa/
    https://jsbin.com/xisayubaxa/edit?html,output
    https://paste.myst.rs/7aonh63o
    https://paste.firnsy.com/paste/gwYeAzDUyaS
    https://www.wowace.com/paste/1e869b29
    https://wow.curseforge.com/paste/e01f01a0
    https://authors-old.curseforge.com/paste/287c1c9e
    https://swl.curseforge.com/paste/f5cda2b4
    https://paste.kodi.tv/witefezosi
    https://paiza.io/projects/qL    yRQQgBgncMNpGx9ZBRQ?language=php
    https://paste.enginehub.org/Knpd52Hdr
    https://freepaste.link/jsaeivegss
    https://wokwi.com/projects/411274434436216833
    https://nationaldacie.alboompro.com/post/111121-nbakwjhakjkwhawa
    https://cloudim.copiny.com/question/details/id/916024
    https://articlebook.blog/wdsooisdf/
    https://www.forexagone.com/forum/questions-debutants/gfkljlkeajslkaw-175809
    https://web.extension.illinois.edu/askextension/thisQuestion.cfm?QuestionID=479470&catID=162&AskSiteID=75
    http://ro.doddlercon.com/wikidiscussion/kareha.pl/1728481295/2
    https://www.mybookmarking.in.net/story/fgdgjklfdjgkldfgdf/
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82184
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82187
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82192
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82205
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82210
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82213
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82218
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82224
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82230
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82241
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82248
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82255
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82267
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82272
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82277
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82283
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82283
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82287
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82289
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82295
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82297
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82298
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82300
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82301
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82302
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82305
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82307
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82310
    https://freeimagead.com/index.php?page=item&id=82312

  • Google Indexing

    https://www.taskade.com/p/doraemon-nobita-s-earth-symphony-2024-hd-01J9R0WDPFHV4DS9WQ611V7JYB
    https://www.taskade.com/p/subthai-01J9R10632QPC1CRRYF66TZJ32
    https://ctftime.org/team/358185
    https://ctftime.org/team/358186
    https://tinhte.vn/profile/odraeomon-edoamufwue-olksimofnuekhongonbita-hnangetm.3051995/
    https://doraemonsubthai.mystrikingly.com/
    https://basic-186ayj9w.bettermode.io/doraemon-nobita-s-earth-symphony-tufoikvk/post/duu-hnang-hd-doraemon-nobita-s-earth-symphony-odraae-m-n-ed-amuufwii-TuNfVOIPBBTtrcQ
    https://basic-186ayj9w.bettermode.io/doraemon-nobita-s-earth-symphony-tufoikvk/post/duu-hnang-odraae-m-n-ed-amuufwii-olkchimofniikh-ngonbita-2024-h-q5S3LfKdjRtz36a
    https://www.taskade.com/p/4-2024-01J9R25K165QXAPRQDZ6VPN15R
    https://www.taskade.com/p/4-dangerous-villains-2024-hd-01J9R285S63ZQ0TRQGBP9N1CCY
    https://ctftime.org/team/358188
    https://ctftime.org/team/358189
    https://tinhte.vn/profile/4-thrchnkhnoantrai-2024-hnangetm-duaeladaono.3052005/
    https://4-dangerous-villains.mystrikingly.com/
    https://basic-o5f7fc9i.bettermode.io/4-dangerous-villains-3ax18q1r/post/4-thrchnkhn-antraay-2024-chaay-7WN03NndE5VFcaT
    https://basic-o5f7fc9i.bettermode.io/4-dangerous-villains-3ax18q1r/post/duuhnang-4-thrchnkhn-antraay-nailnfrii-2024-etmeruue-ng-h-phaakyaithy-VvNuQQptFWG11Ao
    https://bento.me/grate
    https://www.intensedebate.com/people/mageerauld22
    https://www.onfeetnation.com/photo/albums/vgrsetewf
    https://beterhbo.ning.com/photo/albums/grseterwfe
    https://webhitlist.com/photo/albums/fgrstew
    https://www.bitsdujour.com/profiles/jCTWwz
    https://profile.hatena.ne.jp/rhionaabuendo/profile
    https://saphalaafrica.co.za/wp/question/btgrdhgferw/
    https://www.lifesshortlivefree.com/community/vetted-member-instructions/vrfaytewdwdw/
    http://biznas.com/Biz-postsm354662_teshre.aspx#post354662
    https://nodebb.klangknecht.com/topic/5051/vrfagefe
    https://ultrafighteronline.com/topic/10182/vrgseyrfe
    https://web3devcommunity.com/topic/21820/rfweaywefw
    https://foro.ribbon.es/topic/24736/rgatewfwq
    https://forum.thecodingcolosseum.com/topic/13483/tesusredw
    https://forum.daoyidh.com/topic/3485/tbssserfgedw
    https://forger.forums.maxon.net/topic/518/hteshrfw
    https://telegra.ph/getytrwefdw-10-09
    https://pastelink.net/azcog388
    https://rentry.co/d6qybuec
    https://justpaste.it/ftl9o
    https://paiza.io/projects/y20UbEuWY2qaxw4qm2VV2Q
    https://jsfiddle.net/xtLcfgb8/
    https://pastebin.com/ZsMciaLH
    https://etextpad.com/x5uorizjib
    https://notes.io/w3M4N
    https://anotepad.com/notes/fnea69q5
    https://paste.feed-the-beast.com/view/73b77397
    https://www.wowace.com/paste/310540f5
    https://freepaste.link/yjictphm91
    https://forum.realdigital.org/d/194851-btshrefge
    https://herbalmeds-forum.biolife.com.my/d/186616-gresyrfe
    https://forum.instube.com/d/153072-htesyuerge
    https://dangtinvantai.com/threads/gretwerfwe.51160/
    https://www.hebergementweb.org/threads/gresyrfew.1883020/
    https://cvt.vn/threads/htwsyrew.1130465/
    https://www.tadalive.com/forum/thread/56725/gvrwatgewfwe/
    https://www.forexagone.com/forum/questions-debutants/grwayefw-175811#274563
    http://molbiol.ru/forums/index.php?showtopic=1507080
    https://www.planetminecraft.com/forums/communities/artists/gresuyrfederwe-689827/
    https://diannparks7.diary.ru/p222147194_google-indexing.htm
    https://www.cake.me/portfolios/google-indexing
    https://newindexing.hashnode.dev/google-indexing
    https://plaza.rakuten.co.jp/clokbun/diary/202410090001/
    https://medium.com/@lplitasahim/google-indexing-0227988e2ccb

  • fgrtgd

    https://github.com/MRsadTV/.github/discussions/1
    https://github.com/MRsadTV/.github/discussions/2
    https://github.com/MRbeanTV/.github/discussions/1
    https://github.com/MRbeanTV/.github/discussions/2
    https://github.com/WongCilikMov/.github/discussions/1
    https://github.com/WongCilikMov/.github/discussions/2
    https://github.com/PowerangersTV/.github/discussions/1
    https://github.com/PowerangersTV/.github/discussions/2
    https://github.com/MaksaTV/.github/discussions/1
    https://github.com/MaksaTV/.github/discussions/2
    https://github.com/AcarTV/.github/discussions/1
    https://github.com/AcarTV/.github/discussions/2
    https://github.com/AllaiilTV/.github/discussions/1
    https://github.com/AllaiilTV/.github/discussions/2
    https://github.com/ManggaTV/.github/discussions/1
    https://github.com/ManggaTV/.github/discussions/2
    https://github.com/DorsTV/.github/discussions/1
    https://github.com/DorsTV/.github/discussions/2
    https://github.com/SumarTV/.github/discussions/1
    https://github.com/SumarTV/.github/discussions/2
    https://github.com/LimbadTV/.github/discussions/1
    https://github.com/LimbadTV/.github/discussions/2
    https://github.com/MushollaTV/.github/discussions/1
    https://github.com/MushollaTV/.github/discussions/2

  • fgrtgd

    https://www.facebook.com/events/541419118642091/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1547058802591891/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/912979000692913/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1588947758699638/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1224941055290413/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1055515442434369/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/559747456511135/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/896497195255001/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1094503852041208/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1177352550026699/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/565800469244051/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1318879469483912/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/932911265330868/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1577736262816947/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/921261796715707/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/945326170971956/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1264764908306859/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/2291328941204159/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/987829033146695/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1237320447517576/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1839883056538213/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/3710782792517380/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1098096221681121/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/8455474651155337/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1435074140773275/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1197954974823937/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/410379085429549/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/522277627253765/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/903389681763171/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/417758271244458/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/552357974131907/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/909935514390929/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1567311690578608/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/3638457889795236/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1000896261810584/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1048276480369869/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1604335666843393/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/3824919354492715/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/530652446219165/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1182858112801230/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1530085257868472/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1590630421664661/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/559168386789201/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/935985005243406/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/969867758487170/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1243748703482042/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/453474813813953/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/873502911553890/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/854556633298380/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1249900559471382/

Leave a comment

BLOG