sustainability · 5588 comments ·

Coral Reefs as a Marker of Environmental Change

Coral Reefs as a Marker of Environmental Change

Coral is highly sensitive to its external environment. Changes in ocean temperature, pollution and run-off,  and pH (ocean acidification) can cause them to 'bleach' (1). When bleached, they can survive if optimal conditions return. However, if the stress is sustained, they will eventually die. As such, coral reefs are deeply threatened by environmental change and therefore make a good marker for the health of ocean ecosystems.

 

What is coral bleaching?

Coral live in a symbiotic relationship with microscopic, photosynthetic, algae called zooxanthellae (2). Like plants, the zooxanthellae capture sunlight and convert it into energy, providing essential nutrients to the coral (3). In return, the coral provides a protected environment for the zooxanthellae to live. Aside from providing nutrients, the zooxanthellae are also responsible for the colouring of many stony corals.

Under conditions of stress caused by changes in ocean temperature, agricultural run-off, and ocean acidification, resulting from human activities releasing CO2 into the atmosphere, the coral polyps expel their zooxanthellae, causing them to take on a white appearance, what is known as "coral bleaching" (4). The coral will not die instantly when the zooxanthellae is expelled, but if the period of stress is sustained, the zooxanthellae will be unable to re-enter the coral tissue, the coral will not get the essential nutrients it needs to survive.

What is left is the corals calcium carbonate skeleton. Algae begins to grow over the coral skeletons, blocking any chance of regrowth. After time, the skeletons will erode, resulting in the collapse of the reef structure. This collapse is not just an eyesore, it has catastrophic impacts for the ocean ecosystem, fisheries and local communities that depend on the reef for an income.

 

Why is it Important That we Protect Coral Reefs?

Habitat - Coral skeletons are an important component of the reef architecture and provide a habitat for 25% of all marine species (5). They provide shelter, spawning grounds and protection from predators. In their absence, fish stocks will decline, this has a knock-on effect to local communities who are reliant on fish for their main source of protein.

Tourism and Recreation - For coastal communities that are reliant on tourism for their income, the health of coral reefs is paramount to their survival. Ecotourism provides thousands of jobs and millions of dollars in income. It has been estimated that coral reefs have a global economic value of $36 billion per year (6).

Coastline Protection  - Coral reefs absorb 97% of a waves energy (7), acting as a buffer against storm events, such as hurricanes and tsunamis, to 150,000 km of global tropical coastlines in over 100 countries (8).

Pharmaceuticals - Due to the stationary nature of coral, it has developed a plethora of chemical defences in order to gain protection from predators and to fight disease. Coral is therefore becoming increasingly recognised as an important source of new drugs to treat diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's and arthritis.

 

What Can we do to Help?

Although small changes at home will make a difference (e.g. buying organic food as to not contribute to the use of pesticides and herbicides), the real issue here is climate change which requires global cooperation and action to reduce emissions and slow global warming. The death of coral reefs is not just a great loss to the ocean but it will greatly impact millions of people, in over 100 countries, who rely on the reefs for their income and as a food source.

 

References:

  1. https://science.sciencemag.org/content/328/5985/1523
  2. https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/tutorial_corals/coral02_zooxanthellae.html#:~:text=Coral%20polyps%2C%20which%20are%20animals,water%20to%20carry%20out%20photosynthesis
  3. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs003380050249
  4. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1312064
  5. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/04/160404152918.htm
  6. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X17300635
  7. https://coast.noaa.gov/states/fast-facts/coral-reefs.html
  8. https://oceanwealth.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Atlas_of_Ocean_Wealth.pdf

5589 comments

Your comment was posted successfully! Thank you!

  • uetkteuktku

    https://wokwi.com/projects/402549691111694337
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402549795868698625
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402549839104661505
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402549913041898497
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402549963128186881
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402550075596364801
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402550121321621505
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402550166311837697
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402550429843133441
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402550472271670273
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402550568608550913
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402550625829367809
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402550673417949185
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402550758087327745
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402550802501863425
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402550871882998785
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402550914980531201
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402550957445770241
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402551098549511169
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402551152702178305
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402551198114961409
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402551262730317825
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402551390328398849
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402551465868892161
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402551521701397505
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402551582227323905
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402551633475432449
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402551688299188225
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402551738231329793
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402551801334638593
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402551846214747137
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402551921290696705
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402551970180558849
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402552011055106049
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402552074381765633
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402552135908018177
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402552182899956737
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402552261294654465
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402552306588949505
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402552361641299969
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402552401994703873
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402552454620647425
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402552500731780097
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402552544002320385
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402552587869503489
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402552643870808065
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402552685565337601
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402552751816473601
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402552807009326081
    https://wokwi.com/projects/402552864423067649

    https://paste.rs/pOlFx.txt
    https://jsfiddle.net/72jvucbe/
    https://snippet.host/qmujes
    https://paste.centos.org/view/4868e1c3
    https://paste.ofcode.org/d7UFVVkhmy3uWdi46Nb3AG
    https://paste.chapril.org/?614335d216146090#7nnuvsBqo5o6m9ff7LEzdhum1y4pJzxUPFrCQioCf7qo
    https://pastebin.com/a6EggWqK
    https://pastebin.freeswitch.org/view/5e0a7800
    https://paiza.io/projects/Cvrs3tgIQ3Z8OVAkkfDN_w
    https://tempel.in/view/A5mSMcr
    https://bitbin.it/qBKbi9aN/
    https://onlinegdb.com/TeWi_EJh_
    https://paste.intergen.online/view/a48a045c
    https://paste.thezomg.com/208750/17201647/
    https://ivpaste.com/v/8LjjOCOydK
    https://binshare.net/ToO4ZD65LBiK4g7nVBpt
    https://paste.myst.rs/b454ar0y
    https://sharetext.me/wftofzkr8q

  • Parfum

    https://bitchute.com/video/zXb0IpEMTbCB/
    https://bitchute.com/video/slycXe223SRd/
    https://bitchute.com/video/71Y03R3pA2TB/
    https://bitchute.com/video/5eEaqLPHRuny/
    https://bitchute.com/video/YycEgftD4KcP/
    https://bitchute.com/video/m5diKy4UlLel/
    https://bitchute.com/video/RXdOGX2zubCt/
    https://bitchute.com/video/4iSxiJ1UcL9Y/
    https://bitchute.com/video/kXyg7Lt41LW3/
    https://bitchute.com/video/sJ7dGCwxgvsp/
    https://bitchute.com/video/paGklxnNc0CW/
    https://bitchute.com/video/YE1SLwUHJz2H/
    https://bitchute.com/video/NTwkTTqMRGG6/
    http://bitchute.com/video/8ctIninvlJis/
    https://bitchute.com/video/9T9noN6AzZDD/
    https://bitchute.com/video/jOaKWEriyuhm/
    https://bitchute.com/video/Zhw94b9GFHgC/
    https://bitchute.com/video/YPL0KVkZMzzC/
    https://bitchute.com/video/GeV2Jp3Ny0YD/
    https://bitchute.com/video/BnStRZ5mCq7E/
    https://bitchute.com/video/bJBBKKZKoJAV/
    https://bitchute.com/video/Oz4fJU7Pl3Fh/
    https://bitchute.com/video/kv72zvXZE9XZ/
    https://bitchute.com/video/DLEfHUYUCznk/
    https://bitchute.com/video/vB4ip4PFAYKi/
    https://bitchute.com/video/0zfRZujJenmp/
    https://bitchute.com/video/D3abSUzvMNZ7/
    https://bitchute.com/video/0QPXkyeSuvIe/
    https://bitchute.com/video/Bvz6qtZYwCkJ/
    https://bitchute.com/video/rZIFUlhdCXbt/
    https://www.resume.id/works/76a117e19b996bd3
    https://www.resume.id/works/bc58d770d480e70b
    https://www.resume.id/works/b108f27abc3f43ff
    https://www.resume.id/works/535ad565f375cb3f
    https://www.resume.id/works/237f9a47b16192b1
    https://www.resume.id/works/40eb2766cbe5ddcc
    https://www.resume.id/works/f83586ce7f8d35d4
    https://www.resume.id/works/7b8fd09efe1b4484
    https://www.resume.id/works/48a873ebe3843e56
    https://www.resume.id/works/cd8f8654f71d8f9d
    https://www.resume.id/works/62caa5de63293dd3
    https://www.resume.id/works/3081fedb2eedc609
    https://www.resume.id/works/a6d632094600c024
    https://www.resume.id/works/a5344a74f7ca87eb
    https://www.resume.id/works/85a551beac4ebd85
    https://www.resume.id/works/cc07aeb4ba8db20c
    https://www.resume.id/works/48a567a26541b169
    https://www.resume.id/works/42cdefff93fbd103
    https://www.resume.id/works/4e5315aa69c5326e
    https://www.resume.id/works/48f5ce24a6d9bc05
    https://www.resume.id/works/6fec8152e72beec9
    https://www.resume.id/works/5c26a72869ae1fc8
    https://www.resume.id/works/c07cd390ff4a8715
    https://www.resume.id/works/fb4a2da0f16c5269
    https://www.resume.id/works/c067758ff7d8e1d2
    https://www.resume.id/works/6cdeb3cba43a644a
    https://www.resume.id/works/b6831f4b65338c29
    https://www.resume.id/works/115c48d7a6a9f010
    https://www.resume.id/works/79bbebba66c78dbe
    https://www.resume.id/works/bbd7d01ff912b942
    https://github.com/Die-drei-und-der-Karpatenhund-film
    https://github.com/captain-america-4-2025-now-us-evt
    https://github.com/captain-america-4-now-us-evt
    https://github.com/one-of-them-days-now-us-evt
    https://github.com/heart-eyes-now-us-evt
    https://github.com/valiant-one-now-us-evt
    https://github.com/paddington-in-peru-now-us-evt
    https://github.com/companion-now-us-evt
    https://github.com/dog-man-now-us-evt
    https://github.com/flight-risk-now-us-evt
    https://github.com/my-fault-london-now-us-evt
    https://github.com/love-hurts-now-us-evt
    https://github.com/nosferatu-now-us-evt
    https://github.com/ne-zha-2-now-us-evt
    https://github.com/lake-george-now-us-evt
    https://github.com/anora-now-us-evt
    https://github.com/den-of-thieves-2-pantera-now-us-evt
    https://github.com/the-brutaevtt-now-us-evt
    https://github.com/presence-now-us-evt
    https://github.com/creation-of-the-gods-2-now-us-evt
    https://github.com/star-trek-section-31-now-us-evt
    https://github.com/parthenope-now-us-evt
    https://github.com/mickey-17-now-us-evt
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/dc1c98e2-aed0-4f47-92c5-89b06e74751d
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/2603444f-ce03-4ddb-b177-312b8bafde38
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/ulQWujmQizmn
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/ChDojz7KjoBu
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/ka64OPEf2mZ8
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/FWYGCUDlqHX0
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/mzExFnDUsy6w
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/6iWl5svi4vFD
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/cIB6xPxjWq7X
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/N3Xj9GjkSywx
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/poinKWmzztGh
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/9Py9JuUeZUNH
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/J5wP44hYO46W
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/FqSDUb9rz15N
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/MfGVf33iUdHS
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/HvfHNBjXAh8G
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/8K0QOzlIdEBo
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/LLafGwIdZh4g
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/EQSKwgZQibA3
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/jO0QjwVupPjq
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/gmukyqhupsbL
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/jj4YfJOfp2AZ
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/OdfoEG3jn9fT
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/FZOggteNJSH3
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/PR04yKzrfKFY
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/6Wj11tqP2B0N
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/UFgLxqnErpGO
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/je6UoDApAXP3
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/xqLMlWq8veRD
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/u4nOJEbIaWmi
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/Phb9xydZ1uGz
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/EkSFeLMJBg3Z
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/y2FnHxZSNkPq
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/4qDKC6FXjIAT
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/6hJxlDlbLQdG
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/jsoTjRPMLHr4
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/W6RZucFucRJd
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/B0Cea3LvZhln
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/K0b4fdALMGtI
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/mPdG0Jxtrn2r
    https://www.bitchute.com/video/nnqwqoTb8Crl
    https://github.com/paddington-in-peru-at-home-box-us-haq-1
    https://github.com/bridget-jones-mad-at-home-box-us-haq
    https://github.com/heart-eyes-at-home-box-us-haq
    https://github.com/love-hurts-at-home-box-us-haq
    https://github.com/parthenope-at-home-box-us-haq

  • Parfum

    https://mikifilmcz.blogspot.com/2025/02/filmycz-miki-2025-cely-film-online-cz.html
    https://mikifilmcz.blogspot.com/2025/02/celyczfilm-miki-cesky-dabing-filmy.html
    https://mikifilmcz.blogspot.com/2025/02/sledujte-miki-2025-cely-film-online-cz.html
    https://mikifilmcz.blogspot.com/2025/02/sledujte-miki-cely-film-online-cz-sk.html
    https://mikifilmcz.blogspot.com/2025/02/sledujte-miki-2025-cely-film-online.html
    https://mikifilmcz.blogspot.com/2025/02/miki-2025-cely-film-online-cz-sk-dabing.html
    https://velkypan.blogspot.com/2025/02/filmycz-velky-pan-2025-cely-film-online.html
    https://velkypan.blogspot.com/2025/02/celyczfilm-velky-pan-cesky-dabing-filmy.html
    https://velkypan.blogspot.com/2025/02/sledujte-velky-pan-2025-cely-film_21.html
    https://velkypan.blogspot.com/2025/02/sledujte-velky-pan-cely-film-online-cz.html
    https://velkypan.blogspot.com/2025/02/sledujte-velky-pan-2025-cely-film.html
    https://velkypan.blogspot.com/2025/02/velky-pan-2025-cely-film-online-cz-sk.html
    https://matters.town/a/t33sxyi232gs
    https://www.nehannn.com/artist-detail/18.html
    https://www.asteriskguru.com/tutorials/comment_add.php
    https://peoplefirst-hamburg.de/index.php/guestbook/index/index
    https://hackmd.io/M_O76LzyRCCedUTrKH-KrA
    https://pastelink.net/z8t3stlb
    https://snippet.host/wkatdd
    https://jsitor.com/pZuruoOw-T
    https://paste.feed-the-beast.com/view/28a2b9e8
    https://jsfiddle.net/8hway36x/
    https://yamcode.com/parfum-230
    https://www.furaffinity.net/msg/pms/
    https://paiza.io/projects/IMZlN_CQphRWRFg0MhVctg?language=php

  • Parfum

    https://cccv.to/mikicelyfilm
    https://cccv.to/velkypancelyfilm
    https://cccv.to/vlnycelyfilm
    https://cccv.to/kavejcelyfilm
    https://www.resume.id/works/43ee75fb47aa834a
    https://www.resume.id/works/f5af1092d5bb2d4e
    https://www.resume.id/works/d2dd6e47e6d08a91
    https://www.resume.id/works/507ce073d3e64b77
    https://www.resume.id/works/5280d1418d095540
    https://www.resume.id/works/1be2b2cd122c8f98
    https://www.resume.id/works/4ae8180c290db632
    https://www.resume.id/works/1d59a4e3a82d101d
    https://www.resume.id/works/8162e736885f66c1
    https://www.resume.id/works/940f261a0d66a729
    https://www.resume.id/works/353bcb01ba74ac78
    https://www.resume.id/works/580f922c5a988308
    https://www.resume.id/works/e45cf2715f44a5cf
    https://www.resume.id/works/57f83b6ca3ef0f71
    https://www.resume.id/works/80f5253868ed4d70
    https://www.resume.id/works/d8a1f9e59a046248
    https://www.resume.id/works/f4583868b23aed27
    https://www.resume.id/works/9a8a35c54c9de2ef
    https://www.resume.id/works/5f225e8e083b251f
    https://www.resume.id/works/6aeae2736c3d154b
    https://www.resume.id/works/3d54373624bb7649
    https://www.resume.id/works/b8acc1581c2e4925
    https://www.resume.id/works/deeb5d9867c139e1
    https://www.resume.id/works/1c8655d46a4d5657
    https://www.resume.id/works/c06619fbdd26cfb8
    https://www.resume.id/works/410443e1fc6aeccd
    https://www.resume.id/works/47e0d45956471654
    https://www.resume.id/works/5d2053ae4bbae3f7
    https://www.resume.id/works/13148eb7472fa54f
    https://www.resume.id/works/133d436367b49c0e
    https://www.resume.id/works/133d436367b49c0e
    https://www.resume.id/works/14d572b29f2d29fc
    https://www.resume.id/works/0424d31a7af7da43
    https://www.resume.id/works/85f1b556e13f4c70
    https://www.resume.id/works/3d4f3180e64fbc7d
    https://www.resume.id/works/f00d870876a60057
    https://www.resume.id/works/83c540493770b95e
    https://www.resume.id/works/896694574aaefff9
    https://www.resume.id/works/365b499d1a12e41e
    https://www.resume.id/works/08647a4f9f4283af
    https://www.resume.id/works/36b42d8ceae05606
    https://www.resume.id/works/1880377e92f56081
    https://www.resume.id/works/3bb59360fd36335c
    https://www.resume.id/works/dc99d3a308a0da2a
    https://www.resume.id/works/cefdb4e473043da5
    https://www.resume.id/works/52debb9fc682e027
    https://www.resume.id/works/33c35d58d5d9cd54
    https://www.resume.id/works/8f27380eefb47635
    https://www.resume.id/works/66c456e95ff3c485
    https://www.resume.id/works/e6a6f0fea5a625b9
    https://www.resume.id/works/817325a82b664720

  • Parfum

    https://github.com/sleduj-Na-plech-cz-dub
    https://github.com/Na-plech-folemm-cel-fil
    https://github.com/Na-plech-celle-cz-dar
    https://github.com/Na-Plech-filemy-ce-zet
    https://www.facebook.com/events/617473664221839/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1125281479046441/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/4001720220117202/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/9151896068228684/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1334346241246021/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1004230914889234/
    https://www.facebook.com/events/1018387200226877/
    https://cccv.to/roklinacelyfilm
    https://roklinafilmcz.blogspot.com/2025/02/filmycz-roklina-2025-cely-film-online.html
    https://roklinafilmcz.blogspot.com/2025/02/celyczfilm-roklina-cesky-dabing-filmy.html
    https://roklinafilmcz.blogspot.com/2025/02/sledujte-roklina-2025-cely-film-online_19.html
    https://roklinafilmcz.blogspot.com/2025/02/sledujte-roklina-cely-film-online-cz-sk.html
    https://roklinafilmcz.blogspot.com/2025/02/roklina-2025-cely-film-online-cz-sk.html
    https://roklinafilmcz.blogspot.com/2025/02/filmycz-roklina-2025-cely-film-online.html
    https://www.resume.id/works/3c36026ae684874b
    https://www.resume.id/works/a8f098b694a8db7c
    https://www.resume.id/works/bf5101341f31bb38
    https://www.resume.id/works/e4e1629486776e75
    https://www.resume.id/works/d4eb4831455e9920
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/Roklina-cely-film-cz-1
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/Roklina-cely-film-cz-2
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/Roklina-cely-film-cz-3
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/Roklina-cely-film-cz-4
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/Roklina-cely-film-cz-5
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/Stesti-a-dobro-vsem-1
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/Stesti-a-dobro-vsem-2
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/Stesti-a-dobro-vsem-3
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/Stesti-a-dobro-vsem-4
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/Stesti-a-dobro-vsem-5
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/Ticha-posta-film-1
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/Ticha-posta-film-2
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/Ticha-posta-film-3
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/Ticha-posta-film-4
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/Ticha-posta-film-5
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/Divka-s-jehlici-1
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/Divka-s-jehlici-2
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/Divka-s-jehlici-3
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/Divka-s-jehlici-4
    https://cubecobra.com/cube/overview/Divka-s-jehlici-5
    https://github.com/sleduj-cernak-cz-dub
    https://github.com/cernak-folemm-cel-fil
    https://github.com/cernak-celle-cz-dar

  • Parfum

    https://github.com/captain-america-4-fullmoves-english-now
    https://github.com/captain-america-4-fullmoves-sub-english
    https://github.com/my-fault-london-fullmoves-sub-english
    https://github.com/my-fault-london-fullmoves-english-now
    https://github.com/the-monkey-fullmoves-english-now
    https://github.com/the-unbreakable-boy-fullmoves-english
    https://github.com/the-monkey-fullmovis-on-english-now
    https://github.com/the-monkey-full-english-now-her
    https://github.com/the-monkey-full-sub-english-now-her
    https://github.com/the-monkey-sub-english-now-her
    https://github.com/my-fault-london-see-sub-english
    https://github.com/my-fault-london-see-full-sub-english
    https://github.com/captain-america-4-brave-new-world-se-us
    https://github.com/captain-america-brave-new-world-see-us
    https://github.com/captain-america-4-on-fullmobi-uss
    https://github.com/captain-america-4-brave-new-world-see
    https://github.com/captain-america-4-see-full-sub-eng
    https://github.com/captain-america-4-on-sub-worldwide

    https://github.com/the-monkey-at-home-box-us-haq
    https://github.com/the-unbreakable-boy-at-home-box-us-haq
    https://github.com/the-gorge-at-home-box-us-kaq
    https://github.com/my-fault-london-at-home-box-us-haq

    https://github.com/Solo-Leveling-ReAwakening-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/A-Complete-Unknown-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Gladiator-II-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Flow-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/I-m-Still-Here-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Kraven-the-Hunter-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/TheSubstance-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Wicked-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Mufasa-The-Lion-King-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Sonic3-SonictheHedgehog-3-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Venom3-Venom-TheLastDance-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Moana-2-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Marked-Men-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Babygirl-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Culpa-tuya-Your-Fault-fmoves-us-noww
    https://github.com/captain-america-4-see-full-now
    https://github.com/one-of-them-days-full-us-see
    https://github.com/Heart-Eyes-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Love-Hurts-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Culpamia-Londres-London-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Flight-Risk-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Paddington-in-Peru-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Companion-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Dog-Man-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Valiant-One-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Ne-Zha-2-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Lake-George-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Nosferatu-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Anora-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Den-of-Thieves-2-Pantera-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/The-Brutalist-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Presence-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/CreationofGodsIDemonForce-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Star-Trek-Section-31-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Parthenope-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Mickey-17-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Armand-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/The-Monkey-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/The-Unbreakable-Boy-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/You-Me-Her-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/You-re-Cordially-Invited-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/BridgetJones-MadAboutBoy-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/MobileSuitGundamGQuX-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/The-Gorge-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/Ex-Husbands-fmoves-us-now
    https://github.com/UnBroken-fmoves-us-now

Leave a comment

BLOG